Nķgerķusvindlarar og Icesave.

Žaš liggur viš aš Landsbankamennirnir  vęru bśnir  aš gera meiri usla en Nķgerķusvindlararnir .Tökum dęmi :."Mr.  Oniakweli žarf aš flytja mikiš  fé til Englands en žarf aš stofna reikning en fęr ekki af pólitķskum įstęšum.Getur žś stofnaš 200 punda reikning fyrir hann  meš margföldum hagnaši og   .................." Nei flestir sjį ķ gegnum žetta.    En žaš var mjög erfitt aš standast Icesave loforšin enda meš Ķsland sem bakhjarl og Ķsland naut mikils traust fyrir 1-2 įrum sķšan.Auglżsingarnar og vefurinn var mjög flottur.Viš erum bśnir aš tapa traustinu sem viš höfšum.        Sjį wilkipedia                                                                                                                     NIGERIAN LETTER :                                                    "An advance-fee fraud is a confidence trick in which the target is persuaded to advance sums of money in the hope of realizing a significantly larger gain.[1] Among the variations on this type of scam, are the Nigerian Letter (also called the 419 fraud, Nigerian scam, Nigerian bank scam, or Nigerian money offer[2]),[3] the Spanish Prisoner, the Black money scam as well as Russian/Ukrainian scam (also extremely widespread, though far less popular than the former). The so-called Russian and Nigerian scams stand for wholly dissimilar organised-crime traditions; they therefore tend to use altogether different breeds of approaches.

The 419 scam originated in the early 1980s as the oil-based Nigerian economy declined. Several unemployed university students first used this scam as a means of manipulating business visitors interested in shady deals in the Nigerian oil sector before targeting businessmen in the west, and later the wider population. Scammers in the early-to-mid 1990s targeted companies, sending scam messages via letter,[4] fax, or Telex.[5] The spread of e-mail and easy access to e-mail-harvesting software significantly lowered the cost of sending scam letters by using the Internet. In the 2000s, the 419 scam has spurred imitations from other locations in Africa, Asia and Eastern Europe, and, more recently, from North America, Western Europe (mainly UK), and Australia, the latter three mainly done by Africans.

The number "419" refers to the article of the Nigerian Criminal Code (part of Chapter 38: "Obtaining Property by false pretences; Cheating") dealing with fraud.[6] The American Dialect Society has traced the term "419 fraud" back to 1992.[7]

The advance-fee fraud is similar to a much older scam known as the Spanish Prisoner scam[8] in which the trickster tells the victim that a rich prisoner promised to share treasure with the victim in exchange for money to bribe prison guards. An older version of this scam existed by the end of 18th century, and is called "the Letter From Jerusalem" by Eugčne Franēois Vidocq, in his memoirs.[9]

Insa Nolte, a lecturer of University of Birmingham's African Studies Department, stated that "The availability of e-mail helped to transform a local form of fraud into one of Nigeria's most important export industries."[10]

Embassies and other organizations warn visitors to various countries about 419. Countries in West Africa with warnings cited include Nigeria,[8][11] Ghana,[12][13] Benin,[14] Cōte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast),[15] Togo,[16][17] Senegal[18] and Burkina Faso.[19] Countries outside of West Africa with 419 warnings cited include South Africa,[17][20] Spain,[20] and The Netherlands.[21]


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